福建农业发展的实证分析与总体研究

在明确福建农业发展的现实和战略意义基础上,通过对1995年来福建统计数据的整理和计算,对福建农业发展进程中的状况进行实证分析与总体研究,最后提出以市场牵引式为主的基本途径选择,全方位、多途径提升农业综合生产能力,积极推进区域性专业化生产三方面发展福建农业的总体思路。     

最优城市规模选择与农产品贸易成本

中国大陆自20世纪90年代末开始就意识到了城市化与"三农问题" 是社会主义现代化建设中的两大核心议题.但这两大议题一直没有得到很好解决.文章基于Fujita,M.Krugman,P.和Venables,A.J.(1999)建立的城市实际工资方程,通过最大化实际收入研究最优城市规模选择和探求城市化最优途径.研究表明,包括交易成本和制度成本在内的农产品贸易成本是影响人们选择最优城市规模的核心因素.基于此,文章提出,城市化的根本途径在于降低农产品贸易成本.     

增加农民收入的新思路

当前，河南省农民收入增长缓慢，而影响农民增收的因素已发生变化。过去那种依靠调整农产品产量、价格以增收的办法已明显失效。目前，应从调整农业产业结构，减少农民非消费支出，加大农业投资，发展乡镇企业以及加快小城镇建设等方面寻求农民增收途径。     

彝族在现代化中的文化心态

不少彝族同胞沉浸于传统文化之中,我们对其发扬光大民族传统文化是认同和赞扬的.不过仅宣传和展销传统文化与民俗文化也有文化自傲之嫌,这种文化心理将产生减缓和阻碍文化现代化的后果.     

Tackling the new materialities: Modern food and counter-movements in Ecuador

Faced with rising non-communicable diseases (NCDs), the Ecuadorian Government has proposed a model health program targeting individual and environmental level determinants. Drawing on cosmopolitan social theory, the experiences of counter-movements and concerns over food policy, the authors explore how mass pesticide poisoning and obesity can be viewed as the product of the ‘success’ of the modernization policy as well as a specific range of global phenomena configuring civic activity and policy situations. Through the study of NCDs as an emergent social field, the authors examine historical developments and heterogeneity in peoples’ practices for insights on more practical and effective public policy responses. The rise of the consumer–citizen in counter-movements represents a paradoxical, but promising dynamic capable of reconstituting economies, culture, and society. In Ecuador, social action appears to be a largely neglected and under-utilized resource for tackling NCDs and perhaps other highly pressing and seemingly intractable food policy concerns.     

湖南省休闲农业旅游市场开发研究

休闲农业是农业与旅游业相结合的新兴产业,是社会主义新农村建设的有效途径之一。本文共分三个部分,首先是湖南省休闲农业旅游市场发展概况,其次对湖南省休闲农业旅游者的行为特征进行分析,最后是湖南省休闲农业旅游市场发展的对策。     

Food Processing Business and Agriculture Cooperatives in Japan: Market Power and Asymmetric Information*

Food processing businesses run by agriculture cooperatives (in this paper referred to as food processing cooperatives) are basically firms that are owned by the suppliers of raw materials. Typically, in this type of firm, corporate decision‐making is the responsibility of member farmers through the one member one–vote rule, and the surplus of the business is divided among them according to the amount of raw agricultural products they have supplied to the firm. This is in contrast to a conventional capitalistic firm, in which corporate decision‐making is ultimately made by the stockholders through the one share–one vote rule, and the profit is divided among them according to the amount of financial capital they have supplied to the firm. Based upon statistical data and case studies, the present paper considers some economic factors that might influence the establishment of food processing cooperatives.     

工业反哺农业的经济社会分析

工业反哺农业是由农业的特点所决定的。从经济学的角度分析,农业是弱质产业,不仅因为农业生产面临自然风险,也面临市场风险,我国的农产品市场是一个典型的完全竞争市场,从而导致农业利润难以实现。从社会角度分析,农业是社会稳定的基础,不仅为社会提供生活必需品,而且农业的外部性使之发挥着生态功能、就业功能以及农业文化的传承等功能,这就决定了农业不是简单的经济问题,而是复杂的社会问题。因此,政府必须把农业作为公共产品予以支持。这是工业反哺农业,城市支持农村的理论依据。     

农业信息化发展现状及对策研究——以湘西州为例

文章从湘西州农业经济的基本实情出发,指出发展农业信息化的必要性,分析现阶段湘西州农业信息化发展的现状及存在的问题,最后针对问题提出了相应的对策.